Over the last several decades, there has been little change in how plants are being grown hydroponically. Currently, there are 5 hydroponic methods in common use, flood and drain, standing aerated, nutrient film technique (NFT), drip irrigation and aeroponics . The last major advancements in the hydroponic technique occurred when the Nutrient Film Technique, better known by its acronym, NFT, was introduced in the 1970s, followed by the drip irrigation and aeroponic methods developed in the 1980s. All three of these methods are variously modified to meet the particular growing situation under which they are used, such as varying the trough (channel) size, slope and length, the type of rooting media used with the drip irrigation method or the vessel design to accommodate the aeroponic procedure. However, the basic operating principles of each of the methods are still being applied when first introduced. What has yet to occur is a completely different method for the growing of plants in a nutrient solution. Maybe the 5 methods now currently in use is it? All 5 methods varying in their sufficiency in the use of water and nutrient element reagents, a major factor that adds to cost and complicates operational procedures, such the dumping of spent nutrient solution, water leaching of the rooting media, the accumulation of nutrient elements in the rooting media and roots, the potential for disease infections, to name a few. In the past, the input from various research organizations, mainly from Land-Grant Colleges and Universities contributed to various advancements in hydroponic technology, basic and application research activity that no longer exists. Maybe those engaged in growing plants in space, or on various celestial bodies will be the innovators since sufficiency is essential. Right now, hydroponic advancement is stuck in neutral.
